WEBSep 15, 2021 · 1. Introduction. Traditional coal chemical production is characterized by low energy efficiency and high CO 2 emission. The hydrogentocarbon (H/C) ratio of coal is about 4:5, while those of methanol, olefins, liquid fuels, and natural gas, which are chemical products of coal, are about 2:1, 2:1, 2:1, and 3:1, respectively [1, 2].The mismatch .
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WEBThe HCoal process (Fig. ) includes a cobaltmolybdenum (CoMo) based alyst in the first stage that is typically used in petroleum refining, and the reactor is an ebullatedbed reactor that keeps the slurry continually moving. Because the CoMo alyst deactivated due to sintering, metal deposition, and carbon deposition, the alyst ...
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WEBThe HCoal process operations with Kentucky No. 11 coal are similar to those with Illinois No. 6 coal feed. However, due to the physical property differences of the recycle oil, an adjustment in feed composition and/or temperature .
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WEBThe total expenditure of energy in the world each year is about 3 × 10 17 kJ. 80% of this energy is provided by the combustion of fossil fuels: oil, coal, and natural gas (the sources of the energy consumed in the United States in 2019 are shown in Figure ). Natural gas and petroleum are the preferred fuels because many of the products ...
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WEBDaily samples of slurry recycle oils from three thirtyday HCoal PDU runs (5, 8 and 9) were analyzed by /sup 1/HNMR, GC/MS and various liquid chromatographic techniques. These data were interpreted in light of process performance to investigate the relationship between recycle oil composition and process performance.
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WEBJan 25, 2022 · The coaltomethanol (CTM) is an important technical route for methanol production. The process suffers from high CO2 emission and low energy efficiency due to the mismatch of H/C (hydrogento ...
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WEBJan 3, 2020 · The H content also decreased continuously from to %, while the N content remained at around 1 ± %. The C/O and H/O ratios increased in the atmospheric distillation process, which led to the improvement of the HHV ( MJ kg −1 for the biooil and MJ kg −1 for the biocoal).
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WEBCoalifiion is a geological process of formation of materials with increasing content of the element carbon from organic materials that occurs in a first, biological stage into peats, followed by a gradual transformation into coal by action of moderate temperature (about 500 K) and high pressure in a geochemical stage.
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WEBThe HCoal process, developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc., is used in this study to produce hydrocarbon liquid from either Illinois No. 6 bituminous or Wyodak subbituminous coal. The primary fuel products include gasoline, turbine fuel, and distillate fuel oil. A substantial amount of LPG is produced only in the Illinois coal case.
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WEBLayng, E T, and Hellwig, K C. Liquid fuels from coal by the Hcoal process. [Benchscale tests and operation of an Hcoal process development unit for 3 years indie desirability of building 250tpd demonstration plant to obtain scaleup information for commercial plant and to confirm process economics]. United States: N. p., 1969. Web.
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WEBApr 15, 2019 · In this study, isotropic coal tar pitch (ICTP) was transformed into pitch fibers through meltspinning process and subsequently subjected to chemical treatment for stabilization using varying concentrations (ranging from 5% to 50% v/v) of aqueous nitric acid (HNO 3) solutions. The objective was to determine the optimal concentration for ...
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WEBThis article is cited by 15 publiions. Vivek P. Utgikar. Modeling in Multiphase Reactor Design: Solid Phase Residence Time Distribution in ThreePhase Sparged Reactors.
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WEBJul 15, 2012 · Catalytic TwoStage Process. HTI Coal Process. BCL Process. Liquefaction Solvent Extraction Process. Environmental Considerations. Economic Aspects. Citing Literature. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Browse other articles of this reference work: BROWSE BY TOPIC; BROWSE AZ;
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WEBThe rerun HCoal atmospheric still bottoms (Hcoal gas oil) were used to evaluate the relative hydrogenation activity of three UOP commercial alysts. The UOPDCB alyst, which was found to have the highest hydrogenation activity, was employed in the HCoal gas oil hydrotreating process more » variable studies.
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WEBarticle{osti_, title = {Coal gasifiion: the TOSCOAL process for low temperature coal pyrolysis}, author = {Carlson, F B and Hardumian, L H and Atwood, M T}, abstractNote = {>In the TOSCOAL process, shale or coal is heated and conveyed up the lift pipe by cocurrent flow with hot flue gas from the ball heater. The partially heated .
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WEBThe book discusses the establishment of the Synthetic Fuels Corporation by the Energy Security Act and the barriers to commercialization of coal gasifiion, coal liquefaction, and oil shale technologies for synfuel production; reviews the equipment and processes for coal gasifiion and coal liquefaction; assesses the current status of the HCoal .
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WEBMar 8, 2013 · The coal direct chemical looping (CDCL) combustion process using an ironbased oxygen carrier has been developed and demonstrated in a 25kWth subpilot unit. The CDCL subpilot unit is the first chemical looping demonstration unit with a circulating moving bed for the solid fuel conversions. To date, the CDCL subpilot unit at OSU has been .
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WEBSep 15, 2001 · Exxon Donor Solvent Process H‐Coal Process Catalytic Two‐Stage Process ... We used a premium German brown coal with a high H/C molar ratio of and nanostructured ...
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WEBUnderground Coal Gasifiion (UCG) takes advantage of the same chemical reactions of coal to produce product gases, as those occurring in conventional gasifier reactors. The main difference is that in UCG the underground coal seam itself becomes the reactor, so that the gasifiion of the coal takes place underground instead of in a manufactured .
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WEBDec 26, 2018 · The normal yield of coal tar during the coal carbonizing process is around 4 %. Coal tar has a specific gravity normally in the range of to, but exceptionally it can go upto It depends on the temperature of carbonization. The lower specific gravity tars are generally produced when low carbonization temperatures are used.
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WEBNecessary information on these formulas includes elemental composition data and normal boiling points (only for coalderived liquids). Using these formulas and the Structured Process EnergyExergyflow Diagram (SPEED), an exergy analysis for the HCoal process system for producing synthetic fuels is performed.
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WEBAug 1, 2022 · This research aims to upgrade Malaysian low rank coal namely Merit Kapit (MK) into mesoporous activated carbon (MKAC) via fast and convenient microwaveassisted H 3 PO 4 activation. The best activation conditions for MKAC were observed at 1:2 (MK to H 3 PO 4) impregnation ratio, radiation power 600 W, and radiation time 20 .
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